Publications

Reports (written, co-authored or researched)

2021, A perspective on protecting civilians, policy commentary, Article 36, August 2021.

2021, Systems that cannot be effectively controlled, policy commentary on autonomous weapons, Article 36, May 2021.

2020, Autonomy in weapons: 'Explicability' as a way to secure accountability, research briefing on autonomous weapons systems, co-written with Anna Turek, Article 36, December 2020.

2020, Regulating autonomy in weapons systems, leaflet co-written and developed with Elizabeth Minor, Article 36.

2020, From “pink eyed terminators” to a clear-eyed policy response? UK government policy on autonomy in weapons systems, policy analysis, Article 36, March 2020.

2020, Autonomy in weapons systems – considering approaches to regulation, short briefing note, Article 36, March 2020.

2019, Autonomy in weapons systems: mapping a structure for regulation through specific questions, discussion paper regarding 'autonomy' and weapons systems, Article 36, 2019.

2019, Critical commentary on the "Guiding Principles", discussion paper regarding 'autonomy' and weapons systems, Article 36, 2019.

2019, Target profiles, discussion paper regarding 'autonomy' and weapons systems, Article 36, 2019.

2018, Report on a workshop examining military policies and practices on the use of explosive weapons in populated areas, 2-3 May 2018, Article 36 and CIVIC.

2017, Autonomous weapons systems: Evaluating the capacity for 'meaningful human control' in weapon review processes, discussion paper, Article 36, Nov 2017.

2017, Positive Obligations in a Treaty Prohibiting Nuclear Weapons: Stockpile Destruction, Environmental Remediation and Victim Assistance, conference working paper, Article 36, 2017.

2016, Key Elements of Meaningful Human Control, briefing paper to the CCW, Article 36, 2016.

2016, Meaningful Human Control, Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Weapons, co-written with Dr. Heather Roff, briefing paper to the CCW, Article 36, 2016.

2016, The United Kingdom and Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems, briefing paper, Article 36, April 2016.

2016, Article 36 reviews and addressing Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems, briefing paper to the CCW, Article 36, April 2016.

2016, Areas of harm: understanding explosive weapons with wide area effects, Article 36 and PAX, 2016.

2015, ‘Victim assistance’ in a treaty banning nuclear weapons, Article 36.

2014, Sex and drone strikes - Gender and identity in targeting and casualty analysis, co-written with Ray Acheson and Thomas Nash, Article 36 & Reaching Critical Will.

2014, Key areas for debate on autonomous weapons systems: Memorandum for delegates at the CCW Meeting of Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons, May 2014, Article 36.

2014, A treaty banning nuclear weapons: developing a legal framework for the prohibition and elimination of nuclear weapons, co-written with Ray Acheson and Thomas Nash, Article 36 & Reaching Critical Will.

2013, Banning nuclear weapons, co-written with Maya Brehm and Thomas Nash, Article 36.

2013, Humanitarian consequences: short case study of the direct humanitarian impacts from a single nuclear weapon detonation on Manchester, UK, co-written with Phil Webber (Scientists for Global Responsibility) and Greg Crowther, Article 36.

2012, Impact of explosive weapons by gender and age – Iraq 2003-2011, research paper for Action on Armed Violence.

2011, Global coalitions: an introduction to working in civil society partnerships, with Thomas Nash, Article 36 / AOAV with online text: www.globalcoalitions.org

2011 The proposal for a nuclear weapons convention, Article 36 strategy note circulated June 2011, revised September 2011.

2010, Victims and survivors of armed violence: responding to rights and needs, background paper, Oslo Conference on Armed Violence, 20-22 April 2010, Action on Armed Violence for the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

2009, Explosive violence: the problem of explosive weapons, Landmine Action, London, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-8-8.

2009, Ambiguity in practice: benchmarks for the implementation of CCW Protocol V, co-written with Katie Harrison, Landmine Action.

2007, Cluster munitions in Kosovo: analysis of use, contamination and casualties, Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-5-7.

2006, Anti-vehicle mines: managing the risk to humanitarian organisations, co-written with Greg Crowther for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-4-0.

2006, Failure to Protect: a case for the prohibition of cluster munitions, co-written with Dr. Brian Rappert for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-1-9.

2005, Cluster munitions in Lebanon, co-written with Thomas Nash for Landmine Action, ISBN: 0-9536717-8-X.

2005, A study of scrap metal collection in Lao PDR, analysis and strategy recommendations for UNICEF, published by Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD), Geneva.

2005, Formal and informal responses to ordnance contamination, research paper co-written with Dave Tinning commissioned by the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), Geneva.

2004, Humanitarian Impact from Mines Other Than Anti-Personnel Mines, Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD), Geneva.

2004, Tampering: Deliberate Handling and Use of Live Ordnance in Cambodia, Handicap International Belgium, Mines Advisory Group & Norwegian People’s Aid, Phnom Penh.

2003, MAG Sri Lanka Project Report 2002, Mines Advisory Group Sri Lanka.

2002, Explosive Remnants of War: unexploded ordnance and post-conflict communities, Landmine Action, ISBN: 0-9536717-3-9.

1999, “Landmines & Unexploded Ordnance,” chapter written by Richard Moyes & Steve Wilson for Safety First: Security Management for NGO Workers, Save the Children Fund (SCF), London.

1999, MAG Global Activities Report, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1999, Lao PDR, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1998, Namibia, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1998, northern Iraq, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1998, Cambodia, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1997, Bosnia, as a contributor, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1997, MAG Global Activities Report, Mines Advisory Group (MAG).

1996, British Landmines, as research assistant, UK Working Group on Landmines.


Journal articles and book chapters

2021, How Can the TPNW Regime Be Sustained?, with Richard Lennane, in Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament, 2021.

2020, Meaningful human control over weapons systems that apply force based on 'target profiles', co-written with Elizabeth Minor, published in Rio Seminar on Autonomous Weapons Systems 2020, Alexandre de Gusmão Foundation, p73-112.

2018, Designing the perfection of violence?, pp 82-89, in Rory Hyde, Mariana Pestana, Kieran Long and Zara Arshad eds. The Future Starts Here, a collection of essays to accompany the exhibition The Future Starts Here at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London (12 May - 4 November 2018), V&A Publishing, London.

2016, Meaningful Human Control, in Robin Geiß ed. Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems: Technology, Definition, Ethics, Law and Security, Federal Foreign Office of Germany, 2016.

2016, Meaningful human control over individual attacks, in ICRC, Autonomous Weapon Systems: Implications of Increasing Autonomy in the Critical Functions, expert meeting report, 2016.

2015, Causing Problems: Classification of Humanitarian Concerns Regarding Explosive Weapons, in Balmer, B. and Rappert, B. eds. "Absence in Science, Security and Policy From Research Agendas to Global Strategy", Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015.

2013, The roles of civil society in the development of standards around new weapons and other technologies of warfare, with Prof. Brian Rappert, Anna Crowe and Thomas Nash, in International Review of the Red Cross, Volume 94 / Issue 886 (June 2012) Cambridge Journals [pdf version].

2012, Looking Inwards and Looking Outwards - Specific Challenges and Strategic Directions from the Prohibition of Cluster Munitions, co-written with Prof. Brian Rappert, in Austrian Review of International and European Law, Vol 15, 89-108 (2010).

2012, The case for addressing explosive weapons: Conflict, violence and health, with Brian Rappert and Iain Lang, Social Science & Medicine 75 (2012) 2047-2054

2011, A New Agenda on Explosive Force, with Thomas Nash, Disarmament Times, Vol 34. no. 1, Summer 2011.

2011, Statecrafting Ignorance: Strategies for managing burdens, secrecy, and conflict, with Prof. Brian Rappert and A.N.Other in Maret [ed.] Government Secrecy, Emerald Books 2011.

2010, The Convention on Cluster Munitions: A Commentary, as a contributor, book edited by Gro Nystuen and Stuart Casey-Maslen, Oxford University Press.

2010, Enhancing the protection of civilians from armed conflict – precautionary lessons, with Prof. Brian Rappert in Medicine, Conflict and Survival, Vol.26 No.1, January-March 2010.

2009, The Prohibition of Cluster Munitions: Setting International Precedents for Defining Inhumanity, with Prof. Brian Rappert in The Nonproliferation Review, July 2009, Volume 16.2.

Informal papers, leaflets, newsletter and web articles

2018, Shifting definitions: The UK and Autonomous Weapons Systems, Article 36, July 2018.

2016, The need to ensure meaningful human control in the face of the weaponisation of robotics and artificial intelligence, written submission by Article 36 to the Science and Technology Committee inquiry into robotics and artificial intelligence, Article 36, 2016

2014, Global Coalitions, short article for the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) based on original report written with Thomas Nash.

2014, Impact of a nuclear weapon detonation on infrastructure and the economy, presentation slides to the Second Conference on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons, Nayarit, Mexico, 13-14 February 2014.

2013, Banning nuclear weapons, short article in Peace in Progress, issue 16, June 2013, International Catalan Institute for Peace [pdf version].

2013, Some Key Issues in Humanitarian Disarmament, Article 36 wall chart.

2013, Killer Robots: UK Government Policy on Fully Autonomous Weapons, April 2013, With Laura Boillot, Maya Brehm and Thomas Nash for Article 36.

2012, Restarting Disarmament, co-written with Thomas Nash for OpenDemocracy, 4 May 2012 [pdf version].

2011, Responding to the Impact of Explosive Weapons, Peace in Progress, Issue 10, Sept 2011, International Catalan Institute for Peace [pdf version].

2011, Interpretation of "mined area" in Article 5 of the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty, policy noted submitted to Norwegian People's Aid after an assessment of operations in Jordan.

2009, IEDs and explosive violence - framing the humanitarian problem, presentation to the Group of Governmental Experts of Amended Protocol II of the UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, Landmine Action.

2009, The concept of an arms trade treaty, policy note, AOAV.

2009, Explosive violence - Israel and Gaza, Landmine Action policy brief, 19 February 2009.

2008, The Convention on Cluster Munitions and State responsibility to gather data on deaths, injuries and wider negative economic and social outcomes resulting from armed violence, informal paper, 16 July 2008.

2008, Implications of the Convention on Cluster Munitions for developing a norm against area-effect use of explosive weapons, informal paper, 23 July 2008.

2008, Joining the Convention on Cluster Munitions: a chance to save civilian lives, produced by Landmine Action in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

2008, Scrap metal, economics and risks: perspectives from Lao PDR, Presentation (text and slides) on scrap metal UXO accidents in Lao PDR.

2008, Anti-landmine campaigners turn their sights on war robots, New Scientist, 28 March 2008.

2008, Prohibiting cluster munitions: our chance to protect civilians, co-written with Greg Crowther, United Nations Development Programme, BCPR.

2007, Explosive remnants of war (ERW) and proportionality assessments under International Humanitarian Law: an example of UK practice, 11 April 2007, informal paper to the CCW.

2007, The BBC and the 'Harmless' Heat-Ray, A report by Media Lens on BBC reporting of the Active Denial System.

2007, Draft report on compliance and verification implications of different approaches to enhanced legal controls over cluster munitions, May 2007, Landmine Action.

2007, Campaign newsletter, four articles, Cluster munitions and remotely delivered landmines, Dumb cluster bomb policy, A sensor fuzed solution? and Spiked!, Landmine Action, Autumn 2007, Issue 13.

2006, The UK Government and the Falkland Islands under Article 5 of the Mine Ban Treaty, Landmine Action, August 2006.

2006, Cluster munitions and public health, informal discussion paper.

2006, Campaign newsletter, Failure rates and the protection of civilians, Landmine Action, Summer 2006, Issue 12.

2005, Campaign newsletter, Out of balance, Landmine Action, Winter 2005, Issue 11.

2005, Campaign newsletter, The economics of risk, Landmine Action, Summer 2005, Issue 10.

2004, Stop Killing Civilians & Start Taking Responsibility: Searching questions regarding cluster munitions, discussion paper co-written with Dr. Brian Rappert for the Cluster Munition Coalition.

2004, Economic necessity in the mine action sector - a very short discussion paper, Richard Moyes, December 2004.

Reports (as editor)

2022, [ed.] Foundations of the GDPR: Principles Relevant to Discussions on Autonomous Weapons, by Christina Huchro, Article 36.

2010, [ed.] A State of Ignorance: the UK Government's efforts to understand civilian deaths in Iraq, 2003-2009 by Prof. Brian Rappert, Action on Armed Violence (AOAV).

2009, Banning Cluster Munitions: Government policy and practice, co-author/sub-editor, Human Rights Watch and Landmine Action.

2008, [ed.] Counting the cost: the economic impact of cluster munition contamination in Lebanon, by Greg Crowther for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-8-8

2008, [ed.] A convention beyond the Convention, by Dr. Brian Rappert for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-7-1.

2008, [ed.] Cluster munitions: a survey of legal responses, by Stuart Maslen and Prof. Virgil Weibe, Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-6-4.

2007, [ed.] M85: an analysis of reliability, by Colin King, Ove Dullum and Grethe Østern for Colin King Associates, Norwegian Defence Research and Norwegian Peoples Aid.

2006, [ed.] with Simon Conway and Raza Shah Khan, Landmines and Islamic Teachings, by Dr. Quibla Ayaz and Dr. Miraj ul Islam Zia, Sustainable Peace and Development Organisation (SPADO), Pakistan.

2006, [ed.] Foreseeable harm: the use and impact of cluster munitions in Lebanon – 2006, report by Thomas Nash for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-3-3.

2006, [ed.] Bosnia’s political landmines: a call for socially responsible and conflict sensitive mine action, report by Matt Bolton and Hugh Griffiths for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-2-6.

2005, [ed.] Out of Balance: UK Government efforts to understand cluster munitions and International Humanitarian Law, report by Dr. Brian Rappert for Landmine Action, ISBN: 978-0-9551923-0-2.

2005, [ed.] Explosive remnants of war and mines other than anti-personnel mines: Global impact survey 2003-2004, edited and with an introduction by Richard Moyes for Landmine Action, Mines Action Canada, Actiongroup Landmine.de, London, ISBN: 0-9536717-9-8.